指代词的运用

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　　词汇衔接指语篇中某些词语之间存在的语义联系，是语言语境的组成部分。翻译公司译员在词汇衔接的手段有三种：指代词、连词以及词语选择。

　　指代词的作用是对文章中的人或事进行跟踪，包括人称（Personal),说明 (Demonstrative)和比较（Comparative)三个方面。
　　例1 Despite the best efforts of programmers, there are still many things that computers just cannot do. Examples include distinguishing between suspicious and legitimate behaviors on a corporate network, or sorting junk E-mail from genuinely important messages, or provi?ding detailed answers to particular questions. For these tasks, which requires judgment, ex?pertise and experience that cannot be easily captured in software, some firms have adopted the unusual tactic of using people as part of their network infrastructure.
　　The Human Touch The Economist
　　译文尽管编程员们已经竭尽全力，还是不能让计算机解决所有的问题：诸如辨别 企业网上哪些是正常的操作，哪些是可以的行为；哪些是真正重要的消息，哪些是垃圾 邮件以及针对特别的问题提供具体的答案。这样的任务需要软件难以具备的判断力、 技能和经验。因此，一些公司采取了一种不同寻常的做法，在网络基础设施中加人了人 的参与。
　　例 2 Slow Food has nothing to do with a slow cooking process. It represents a philo- sophical answer to the culture of fast food, or homogenous agriculture," he says. “That means one kind of potato grown on vast scale to supply chip cutters that are made to one scale to fit all of the takeaway chains.
　　Food for Thought Joanna Bounds
　　译文“慢餐的含义和缓慢的烹饪过程没有任何联系，它是一种哲学观点，是针 对快餐文化或一致化农业做出的反应，”他说，“这样的农业是按照薯条切割机的需 要来大量种植同一种类的土豆，这些切割机的尺寸也是整齐划一的，目的是为了满足外 卖连锁店的要求，

       例3 Organic farming is defined as prohibition of synthetic chemical products. The fear of such chemicals is that they contain residues that remain for long periods and upset the natu?ral balance.
　　Down to Earth Andrew Corrigan
　　有机种田的定义是不使用合成化学品。人们担心这些化学品中的残留物可能存在 相当长的时间，从而破坏自然平衡。
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